A n\u0151i \u00e9s f\u00e9rfi csontv\u00e1z k\u00f6z\u00f6tt sz\u00e1mos m\u00e9retbeli, ar\u00e1nybeli \u00e9s alaktani k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9g figyelhet\u0151 meg. A biol\u00f3giai nem meghat\u00e1roz\u00e1s\u00e1ban k\u00e9t kiemelten fontos ter\u00fclet j\u00e1tszik szerepet: a koponya \u00e9s a medence. Ezek a r\u00e9gi\u00f3k feln\u0151tt n\u0151k \u00e9s f\u00e9rfiak eset\u00e9ben mark\u00e1nsan elt\u00e9rnek egym\u00e1st\u00f3l a K\u00e1rp\u00e1t\u2011medence n\u00e9pess\u00e9geiben, b\u00e1r vannak olyan f\u00f6ldrajzi popul\u00e1ci\u00f3k, ahol a k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9gek j\u00f3val kisebbek. A f\u00e9rfiak csontozata \u00e1ltal\u00e1ban robusztusabb, nagyobb m\u00e9ret\u0171, \u00e9s az izomtapad\u00e1si pontok is kifejezettebbek, ami a f\u00e9rfiak er\u0151sebb izomzat\u00e1val f\u00fcgg \u00f6ssze. A nemi k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9gek nagy r\u00e9sze genetikai eredet\u0171, de az izmok fejletts\u00e9ge – \u00e9s \u00edgy az izomtapad\u00e1si pontok hangs\u00falyoss\u00e1ga – k\u00f6rnyezeti t\u00e9nyez\u0151k hat\u00e1s\u00e1ra is v\u00e1ltozhat. A nemi jellegek serd\u00fcl\u0151kort\u00f3l kezdve egyre er\u0151teljesebben jelennek meg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c9ry, Kralov\u00e1nszky \u00e9s Nemesk\u00e9ri (1963) egy \u00f6tfokozat\u00fa sk\u00e1l\u00e1t dolgozott ki a jellegek \u00e9rt\u00e9kel\u00e9s\u00e9re, amelyhez pont\u00e9rt\u00e9keket rendeltek:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-2: hat\u00e1rozottan n\u0151ies,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
-1: n\u0151ies,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
0: jellegtelen,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+1: f\u00e9rfias,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
+2: hat\u00e1rozottan f\u00e9rfias. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
A nem becsl\u00e9sekor tov\u00e1bbi jellegek is fontosak: a koponya kapacit\u00e1sa \u00e9s falvastags\u00e1ga, a koponya \u00e1ltal\u00e1nos form\u00e1ja, a kulcscsont \u00e9s a lapocka m\u00e9rete, a csontok robuszticit\u00e1sa vagy gracilit\u00e1sa, illetve a becs\u00fclt testmagass\u00e1g.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
A jellegek pontoz\u00e1sa ut\u00e1n a szexualiz\u00e1lts\u00e1g m\u00e9rt\u00e9k\u00e9t a pont\u00e9rt\u00e9kek s\u00falyozott \u00e1tlag\u00e1val sz\u00e1m\u00edtjuk ki. Bizonyos jellegek – p\u00e9ld\u00e1ul a glabella, a szem\u00f6ld\u00f6ki \u00edv, a csecsny\u00falv\u00e1ny, a k\u00fcls\u0151 nyakszirti kiemelked\u00e9s, a szem\u00fcreg fels\u0151 sz\u00e9le, az \u00e1llcs\u00facs, a szem\u00e9rem\u00edv sz\u00f6ge, a nagy \u00fcl\u0151csonti bev\u00e1g\u00e1s, az ischio\u2011pubicus \u00e9s acetabulo\u2011ischiadicus index, valamint a combcsont fej\u00e9nek ny\u00edlir\u00e1ny\u00fa \u00e1tm\u00e9r\u0151je – k\u00e9tszeres s\u00fallyal szerepelnek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Az \u00edgy kapott \u00e1tlag \u20132 \u00e9s +2 k\u00f6z\u00f6tt mozoghat:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022 \u20132 k\u00f6r\u00fcl: hat\u00e1rozottan n\u0151ies csontv\u00e1z<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022 \u20131 k\u00f6r\u00fcl: n\u0151ies<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022 0 k\u00f6r\u00fcl: a m\u00f3dszerrel nem becs\u00fclhet\u0151<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022 +1 k\u00f6r\u00fcl: f\u00e9rfias<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u2022 +2 k\u00f6zel\u00e9ben: hat\u00e1rozottan f\u00e9rfias<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ez a m\u00f3dszer alkalmas nemcsak a vizsg\u00e1lt egy\u00e9nek morfol\u00f3giai nem\u00e9nek, illetve a sz\u00e9riasorozatok, popul\u00e1ci\u00f3k nembeli megoszl\u00e1s\u00e1nak becsl\u00e9s\u00e9re, hanem a popul\u00e1ci\u00f3k f\u00e9rfias \u00e9s n\u0151ies jelleg\u00e9nek becsl\u00e9s\u00e9re is. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
A k\u00f6vetkez\u0151ekben a vizsg\u00e1land\u00f3 jellegek nemi k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9geit mutatjuk be t\u00e1bl\u00e1zatos form\u00e1ban.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
A n\u0151i \u00e9s f\u00e9rfi csontv\u00e1z k\u00f6z\u00f6tt sz\u00e1mos m\u00e9retbeli, ar\u00e1nybeli \u00e9s alaktani k\u00fcl\u00f6nbs\u00e9g figyelhet\u0151 meg. A biol\u00f3giai nem meghat\u00e1roz\u00e1s\u00e1ban k\u00e9t kiemelten fontos ter\u00fclet j\u00e1tszik szerepet:…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4958","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-nembecsles"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4958","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4958"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4958\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4990,"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4958\/revisions\/4990"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4958"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4958"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4958"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}