{"id":4803,"date":"2026-02-24T21:23:24","date_gmt":"2026-02-24T20:23:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/?p=4803"},"modified":"2026-02-26T22:26:30","modified_gmt":"2026-02-26T21:26:30","slug":"also-vegtag-csontjai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/2026\/02\/24\/also-vegtag-csontjai\/","title":{"rendered":"Als\u00f3 v\u00e9gtag csontjai"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Az als\u00f3 v\u00e9gtag a test t\u00f6meg\u00e9nek hordoz\u00e1s\u00e1ra, az \u00e1ll\u00e1s \u00e9s j\u00e1r\u00e1s biztos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra, valamint a helyv\u00e1ltoztat\u00e1s hat\u00e9kony kivitelez\u00e9s\u00e9re specializ\u00e1l\u00f3dott. Fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9se a stabilit\u00e1st \u00e9s a teherb\u00edr\u00e1st helyezi el\u0151t\u00e9rbe, mik\u00f6zben lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a nagy erej\u0171 \u00e9s j\u00f3l koordin\u00e1lt mozg\u00e1sokat. Er\u0151s \u00edz\u00fcletei, robusztus izmai \u00e9s szalagjai egy\u00fctt biztos\u00edtj\u00e1k a test egyens\u00faly\u00e1t \u00e9s a mozg\u00e1s hat\u00e9kony m\u0171k\u00f6d\u00e9s\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"585\" src=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/alsov_K-1024x585.png\" alt=\"Als\u00f3 v\u00e9gtag csontjai\" class=\"wp-image-4880\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/alsov_K-1024x585.png 1024w, https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/alsov_K-300x171.png 300w, https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/alsov_K-768x439.png 768w, https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/alsov_K.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Als\u00f3 v\u00e9gtag csontjai (k\u00e9sz\u00edtette: Dr. Moln\u00e1r Kinga)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Medence\u00f6v <\/strong>(<em>cingulum pelvicum<\/em>)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A medence\u00f6v az als\u00f3 v\u00e9gtag csontos alapj\u00e1t alkotja, \u00e9s a test s\u00faly\u00e1nak \u00e1tvitel\u00e9ben kulcsszerepet j\u00e1tszik. K\u00e9t cs\u00edp\u0151csontb\u00f3l (<em>os coxae<\/em>) \u00e1ll, amelyek h\u00e1tul a keresztcsonthoz (<em>os sacrum<\/em>) kapcsol\u00f3dva er\u0151s, stabil gy\u0171r\u0171t hoznak l\u00e9tre (csontos medence, <em>pelvis<\/em>). A medence\u00f6v egyszerre biztos\u00edtja a t\u00f6rzs \u00e9s az als\u00f3 v\u00e9gtag k\u00f6z\u00f6tti szil\u00e1rd kapcsolatot, valamint a j\u00e1r\u00e1shoz, \u00e1ll\u00e1shoz \u00e9s testtart\u00e1shoz sz\u00fcks\u00e9ges teherb\u00edr\u00e1st. Emellett v\u00e9di a kismedencei szerveket, sz\u00e1mos izom ered\u00e9si vagy tapad\u00e1si helyek\u00e9nt szolg\u00e1l, amelyek az als\u00f3 v\u00e9gtag, ill. a t\u00f6rzs mozg\u00e1sait hozz\u00e1k l\u00e9tre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"585\" src=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/medence_K-1024x585.png\" alt=\"Csontos medence fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9se\" class=\"wp-image-4885\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/medence_K-1024x585.png 1024w, https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/medence_K-300x171.png 300w, https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/medence_K-768x439.png 768w, https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/medence_K.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Csontos medence fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9se (k\u00e9sz\u00edtette: Moln\u00e1r Kinga)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Medencecsontok<\/strong> (<em>os coxae<\/em>, 2)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A medencecsont egy nagy, lapos, \u00f6sszetett csont, amely feln\u0151ttkorra h\u00e1rom eredetileg k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00e1ll\u00f3 csont egyes\u00fcl\u00e9s\u00e9b\u0151l j\u00f6n l\u00e9tre: a cs\u00edp\u0151csontb\u00f3l (<em>os ilium<\/em>), az \u00fcl\u0151csontb\u00f3l (<em>os ischii<\/em>) \u00e9s a szem\u00e9remcsontb\u00f3l (<em>os pubis<\/em>). Ezek a csontok a cs\u00edp\u0151\u00edz\u00fcleti \u00e1rokban (<em>acetabulum<\/em>) kapcsol\u00f3dnak, majd csontosodnak \u00f6ssze, amely a combcsont fej\u00e9nek \u00edzes\u00fcl\u00e9si helye. A h\u00e1rom \u00f6sszecsontosod\u00f3 csontot k\u00fcl\u00f6n jellemezz\u00fck, r\u00e9szeiket addig tudjuk ebben a szempontrendszerben \u00e9rtelmezni, m\u00e9g \u00f6ssze nem csontosodnak, ut\u00e1na a lenti r\u00e9szek, jellegek k\u00f6z\u00fcl t\u00f6bb m\u00e1r nem felismerhet\u0151. Az <em>acetabulum<\/em> (cs\u00edp\u0151\u00edz\u00fcleti v\u00e1pa) a h\u00e1rom csont testi r\u00e9sz\u00e9nek tal\u00e1lkoz\u00e1si helye, f\u00e9lg\u00f6mb alak\u00fa \u00edz\u00fcleti m\u00e9lyed\u00e9s, amely a combcsont fej\u00e9vel alkotja a cs\u00edp\u0151\u00edz\u00fcletet. Perem\u00e9n tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 a <em>limbus acetabuli<\/em>, alj\u00e1n pedig a <em>fossa acetabuli<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Medencecsont\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ETZj5uRxBcE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Cs\u00edp\u0151csontok<\/strong> (<em>os ilium<\/em>, 2)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A medencecsont fels\u0151, legnagyobb r\u00e9sze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">F\u0151 k\u00e9pletei:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>corpus ossis ilii<\/em> (test): <em>acetabulum<\/em>ban csontosodik \u00f6ssze a m\u00e1sik 2 csont testi r\u00e9sz\u00e9vel<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>ala ossis ilii<\/em> (cs\u00edp\u0151lap\u00e1t): sz\u00e9les, lapos felsz\u00edn, rajta az \u00e1rok a medencei felsz\u00ednen a <em>fossa iliaca<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>crista iliaca<\/em> (cs\u00edp\u0151taraj): a cs\u00edp\u0151lap\u00e1t fels\u0151 \u00e9l\u00e9nek megvastagodd r\u00e9sze, j\u00f3l tapinthat\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>spina iliaca anterior superior \/ inferior<\/em>: el\u00fcls\u0151 cs\u00edp\u0151t\u00f6visek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>spina iliaca posterior superior \/ inferior<\/em>: h\u00e1tuls\u00f3 cs\u00edp\u0151t\u00f6visek. &#8211; <em>facies auricularis<\/em>: a keresztcsonttal val\u00f3 kapcsol\u00f3d\u00e1s\u00e1nak felsz\u00edne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u00dcl\u0151csontok<\/strong> (<em>os ischii<\/em>, 2)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A medencecsont h\u00e1ts\u00f3-als\u00f3 r\u00e9sz\u00e9n tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3, a test t\u00f6meg\u00e9nek jelent\u0151s r\u00e9sz\u00e9t hordozza \u00fcl\u00e9skor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">F\u0151 k\u00e9pletei:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>corpus ossis ischii<\/em> (test): <em>acetabulum<\/em>ban csontosodik \u00f6ssze a m\u00e1sik 2 csont testi r\u00e9sz\u00e9vel<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>tuber ischiadicum<\/em> (\u00fcl\u0151gum\u00f3): er\u0151s izomkapcsol\u00f3d\u00e1si hely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>ramus ossis ischii<\/em>: az \u00fcl\u0151csont \u00e1ga.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>spina ischiadica<\/em> (\u00fcl\u0151csonti t\u00f6vis): \u00e9les t\u00f6vis.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>incisura ischiadica major et minor<\/em>: nagy \u00e9s kis \u00fcl\u0151csonti bev\u00e1g\u00e1sok.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Szem\u00e9remcsontok<\/strong> (<em>os pubis<\/em>, 2)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A medencecsont el\u00fcls\u0151 r\u00e9sze, amely a m\u00e1sik oldali szem\u00e9remcsonttal a <em>facies symphysialis<\/em> r\u00e9v\u00e9n kapcsol\u00f3dik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">F\u0151 k\u00e9pletei:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>corpus ossis pubis<\/em> (test): <em>acetabulum<\/em>ban csontosodik \u00f6ssze a m\u00e1sik 2 csont testi r\u00e9sz\u00e9vel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&nbsp;&#8211; <em>ramus superior et inferior<\/em>: fels\u0151 \u00e9s als\u00f3 \u00e1g. &#8211; <em>tuberculum pubicum<\/em>: izom- \u00e9s szalagtapad\u00e1si pont.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"451\" height=\"219\" src=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/cox1.png\" alt=\"Medencecsont bels\u0151 felsz\u00edne\" class=\"wp-image-4804\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/cox1.png 451w, https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/cox1-300x146.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 451px) 100vw, 451px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Medencecsont bels\u0151 felsz\u00edne<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"447\" height=\"191\" src=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/cox2.png\" alt=\"Medencecsont k\u00fcls\u0151 felsz\u00edne\" class=\"wp-image-4805\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/cox2.png 447w, https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/cox2-300x128.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 447px) 100vw, 447px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Medencecsont k\u00fcls\u0151 felsz\u00edne<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Az als\u00f3 szabad v\u00e9gtag csontjai<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Az als\u00f3 szabad v\u00e9gtag szegmensei proxim\u00e1lis ir\u00e1nyb\u00f3l haladva a comb (<em>femur<\/em>), az alsz\u00e1r (<em>crus<\/em>) \u00e9s a l\u00e1b (<em>pes<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Combcsontok<\/strong> (<em>femur<\/em>, 2)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A combcsont az emberi test leghosszabb \u00e9s leger\u0151sebb csontja, amely a medencecsont <em>acetabulum\u00e1<\/em>val alkotott cs\u00edp\u0151\u00edz\u00fcleten kereszt\u00fcl kapcsol\u00f3dik a t\u00f6rzsh\u00f6z, diszt\u00e1lisan pedig a s\u00edpcsonttal \u00e9s a t\u00e9rdkal\u00e1ccsal k\u00e9pezi a t\u00e9rd\u00edz\u00fcletet. Massz\u00edv fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9se lehet\u0151v\u00e9 teszi a test s\u00faly\u00e1nak hordoz\u00e1s\u00e1t \u00e9s a j\u00e1r\u00e1s, fut\u00e1s, ugr\u00e1s nagy erej\u0171 mozg\u00e1sait.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">F\u0151 k\u00e9pletei:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>caput femoris<\/em> (fej): g\u00f6mb alak\u00fa \u00edz\u00fcleti fej, a cs\u00edp\u0151\u00edz\u00fclet r\u00e9sze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>fovea capitis<\/em>: kis bem\u00e9lyed\u00e9s a fej felsz\u00edn\u00e9n, egy szalag kapcsol\u00f3d\u00e1si helye.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>collum femoris<\/em> (nyak): a fej \u00e9s a csonttest k\u00f6z\u00f6tti nyak, gyakori t\u00f6r\u00e9si hely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>trochanter major<\/em> (nagytompor): er\u0151s izomtapad\u00e1si pont.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; trochanter minor (kistompor): a izmok tapad\u00e1si helye a nagytompor alatti r\u00e9szen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>corpus femoris<\/em> (test): hossz\u00fa, enyh\u00e9n \u00edvelt k\u00f6zbe n\u0151tt r\u00e9sz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>linea aspera<\/em>: \u00e9les, kett\u0151s vonal a h\u00e1ts\u00f3 felsz\u00ednen, sz\u00e1mos izom tapad\u00e1si helye.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>condylus medialis<\/em>: bels\u0151 \u00edz\u00fcleti b\u00fcty\u00f6k<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>condylus lateralis<\/em>: k\u00fcls\u0151 \u00edz\u00fcleti b\u00fcty\u00f6k<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>fossa intercondylaris<\/em>: a k\u00e9t <em>condylus<\/em> k\u00f6z\u00f6tti m\u00e9ly \u00e1rok a h\u00e1tuls\u00f3 felsz\u00ednen &#8211; <em>epicondylus medialis et lateralis<\/em>: a <em>condylus<\/em>ok feletti izom- \u00e9s szalagtapad\u00e1si kiemelked\u00e9sek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"513\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/femur.png\" alt=\"Combcsont h\u00e1tuln\u00e9zetben\" class=\"wp-image-4806\" style=\"width:445px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/femur.png 513w, https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/femur-300x88.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 513px) 100vw, 513px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Combcsont h\u00e1tuln\u00e9zetben<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Combcsont\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/IruhyiPCrts?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>T\u00e9rdkal\u00e1csok<\/strong> (<em>patella<\/em>, 2)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A <em>patella<\/em> a test legnagyobb szez\u00e1mcsontja, amely a <em>m. quadriceps femoris<\/em> in\u00e1ba be\u00e1gyazva helyezkedik el. Feladata a t\u00e9rd\u00edz\u00fclet v\u00e9delme \u00e9s az izom er\u0151karj\u00e1nak n\u00f6vel\u00e9se.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">F\u0151 r\u00e9szei:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>basis patellae<\/em> (alapi r\u00e9sz): a csont fels\u0151, sz\u00e9lesebb r\u00e9sze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>apex patellae<\/em> (cs\u00facs): diszt\u00e1lisan helyezkedik el.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>facies anterior<\/em> (el\u00fcls\u0151 felsz\u00edn): sima, b\u0151r alatt tapinthat\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>facies articularis<\/em> (h\u00e1ts\u00f3 \u00edzfelsz\u00edn): a <em>femur condylusai<\/em>n cs\u00faszik el a t\u00e9rd mozg\u00e1sakor. &#8211; <em>crista verticalis<\/em>: a h\u00e1ts\u00f3 felsz\u00ednt k\u00e9t \u00edz\u00fcleti r\u00e9szre oszt\u00f3 taraj.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"246\" height=\"70\" src=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/patella.png\" alt=\"T\u00e9rdkal\u00e1cs szemb\u0151l n\u00e9zetben\" class=\"wp-image-4807\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">T\u00e9rdkal\u00e1cs szemb\u0151l n\u00e9zetben<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>S\u00edpcsontok<\/strong> (<em>tibia<\/em>, 2)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A <em>tibia<\/em> a l\u00e1bsz\u00e1r medi\u00e1lisan elhelyezked\u0151, nagyobb \u00e9s teherhord\u00f3 csontja. A t\u00e9rd\u00edz\u00fclet \u00e9s a boka\u00edz\u00fclet fontos alkot\u00f3eleme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">F\u0151 r\u00e9szei:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>condylus medialis et lateralis<\/em> (bels\u0151 \u00e9s k\u00fcls\u0151 \u00edz\u00fcleti b\u00fcty\u00f6k): a <em>femur<\/em>ral \u00edzes\u00fcl\u0151 b\u00fctyk\u00f6k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>eminentia intercondylaris<\/em>: a k\u00e9t <em>condylus<\/em> k\u00f6z\u00f6tti kiemelked\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>tuberositas tibiae<\/em>: \u00edn tapad\u00e1si hely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>corpus tibiae<\/em> (test): h\u00e1rom\u00e9l\u0171 csonttest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>margo anterior<\/em>: \u00e9les el\u00fcls\u0151 \u00e9l (\u201es\u00edpcsont\u00e9l\u201d). &#8211; malleolus medialis (bels\u0151 bokany\u00falv\u00e1ny): a boka bels\u0151 oldali csontos kiemelked\u00e9se.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Sz\u00e1rkapocscsontok <\/strong>(<em>fibula<\/em>, 2)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A <em>fibula<\/em> a l\u00e1bsz\u00e1r later\u00e1lisan elhelyezked\u0151, v\u00e9konyabb csontja, amely nem vesz r\u00e9szt a t\u00e9rd\u00edz\u00fclet kialak\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ban, de fontos szerepe van a boka stabiliz\u00e1l\u00e1s\u00e1ban \u00e9s izomtapad\u00e1si felsz\u00ednk\u00e9nt is szolg\u00e1l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">F\u0151 r\u00e9szei:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>caput fibulae<\/em> (fej): proxim\u00e1lis v\u00e9g, a <em>tibia<\/em> later\u00e1lis r\u00e9sz\u00e9vel \u00edzes\u00fcl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>corpus fibulae<\/em> (test): hossz\u00fa, v\u00e9kony csonttest. &#8211; <em>malleolus lateralis<\/em> (oldals\u00f3 bokany\u00falv\u00e1ny): a boka k\u00fcls\u0151 oldali csontos ny\u00falv\u00e1nya.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"394\" height=\"192\" src=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/crus.png\" alt=\"L\u00e1bszarcsontok\" class=\"wp-image-4808\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/crus.png 394w, https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/crus-300x146.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 394px) 100vw, 394px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">L\u00e1bszarcsontok<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"L\u00e1bsz\u00e1r csontjai\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/9LGRrScd20w?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">A l\u00e1b csontos v\u00e1za<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A l\u00e1b csontos v\u00e1za h\u00e1rom f\u0151 csontcsoportra tagol\u00f3dik: a l\u00e1bt\u0151csontokra, a l\u00e1bt\u0151h\u00f6z kapcsol\u00f3d\u00f3 l\u00e1bk\u00f6z\u00e9pcsontokra, valamint az ujjpercekre. Ez a fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9s egyszerre biztos\u00edt stabil al\u00e1t\u00e1maszt\u00e1st a test t\u00f6meg\u00e9nek hordoz\u00e1s\u00e1hoz, \u00e9s rugalmas alkalmazkod\u00f3k\u00e9pess\u00e9get a j\u00e1r\u00e1s, fut\u00e1s \u00e9s egyens\u00falyoz\u00e1s sor\u00e1n. A csontok \u00edz\u00fcletek \u00e9s szalagok h\u00e1l\u00f3zat\u00e1val kapcsol\u00f3dnak egym\u00e1shoz, \u00edgy a l\u00e1b egyszerre teherb\u00edr\u00f3 \u00e9s rugalmas szerkezet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"L\u00e1b csontjai\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-CiXcT9_r-M?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>L\u00e1bt\u0151csontok<\/strong> (<em>ossa tarsi<\/em>, 2&#215;7)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Egym\u00e1s el\u0151tt \u00e9s m\u00f6g\u00f6tt, illetve egym\u00e1s alatt \u00e9s f\u00f6l\u00f6tt is elhelyezked\u0151 a l\u00e1bt\u0151csontok csoportja (szemben a k\u00e9zt\u0151csontokkal, amik nagyj\u00e1b\u00f3l egy s\u00edkban rendez\u0151dve helyezkednek el). A l\u00e1bt\u0151csontokat k\u00fcl\u00f6n nem jellemezz\u00fck, csak a k\u00e9z csontjaihoz hasonl\u00f3an felsoroljuk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Proxim\u00e1lis csoport:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ugr\u00f3csontok<\/strong> (<em>talus<\/em>, 2)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sarokcsontok<\/strong> (<em>calcaneus<\/em>, 2)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sajkacsontok<\/strong> (<em>os naviculare<\/em>, 2)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Diszt\u00e1lis csoport:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>K\u00f6b\u00f6scsontok<\/strong> (<em>os cuboideum<\/em>, 2) <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u00c9kcsontok<\/strong> (bels\u0151, k\u00f6z\u00e9ps\u0151, k\u00fcls\u0151; <em>ossa cuneiformia mediale, intermedium et laterale<\/em>, 2&#215;3)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>L\u00e1bk\u00f6z\u00e9pcsontok<\/strong> (<em>ossa metatarsi<\/em>, 2&#215;5)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">I\u2013V. l\u00e1bk\u00f6z\u00e9pcsont (<em>I\u2013V. metatarsus<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>L\u00e1bujjpercek<\/strong> (<em>phalanges pedis<\/em>, 2&#215;14)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Alapperc (<em>phalanx proximalis<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">K\u00f6z\u00e9pperc (<em>phalanx media<\/em>): a nagyl\u00e1bujjn\u00e1l nincs <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">K\u00f6r\u00f6mperc (<em>phalanx distalis<\/em>)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"452\" height=\"289\" src=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/pes.png\" alt=\"L\u00e1b csontjai\" class=\"wp-image-4809\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/pes.png 452w, https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/pes-300x192.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 452px) 100vw, 452px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">L\u00e1b csontjai<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-learningapps-org wp-block-embed-learningapps-org\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" title=\"A l\u00e1b csontjai\" src=\"https:\/\/LearningApps.org\/watch?id=pc3usv64k25#?secret=eC4XswNx4V\" data-secret=\"eC4XswNx4V\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"950\" height=\"500\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-learningapps-org wp-block-embed-learningapps-org\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" title=\"T\u00e9rd\u00edz\u00fclet\" src=\"https:\/\/LearningApps.org\/watch?id=piz84raft25#?secret=sMS69bKafH\" data-secret=\"sMS69bKafH\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"950\" height=\"500\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-learningapps-org wp-block-embed-learningapps-org\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" title=\"Szem\u00e9remcsont r\u00e9szei, jellegei\" src=\"https:\/\/LearningApps.org\/watch?id=przqzvc3c26#?secret=15glC9fmjp\" data-secret=\"15glC9fmjp\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"950\" height=\"500\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-wp-embed is-provider-learningapps-org wp-block-embed-learningapps-org\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" title=\"\u00dcl\u0151csont r\u00e9szei, jellegei\" src=\"https:\/\/LearningApps.org\/watch?id=p219sspta26#?secret=lZbTwul05O\" data-secret=\"lZbTwul05O\" frameborder=\"0\" width=\"950\" height=\"500\"><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Az als\u00f3 v\u00e9gtag a test t\u00f6meg\u00e9nek hordoz\u00e1s\u00e1ra, az \u00e1ll\u00e1s \u00e9s j\u00e1r\u00e1s biztos\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ra, valamint a helyv\u00e1ltoztat\u00e1s hat\u00e9kony kivitelez\u00e9s\u00e9re specializ\u00e1l\u00f3dott. Fel\u00e9p\u00edt\u00e9se a stabilit\u00e1st \u00e9s a teherb\u00edr\u00e1st&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4803","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-anatomia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4803","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4803"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4803\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4957,"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4803\/revisions\/4957"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4803"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4803"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4803"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}