{"id":4788,"date":"2026-02-24T20:34:29","date_gmt":"2026-02-24T19:34:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/?p=4788"},"modified":"2026-02-25T09:32:54","modified_gmt":"2026-02-25T08:32:54","slug":"arckoponya-csontjai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/2026\/02\/24\/arckoponya-csontjai\/","title":{"rendered":"Arckoponya csontjai"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">R\u00e9szletesen a rostacsont, a fels\u0151 \u00e1llcsont, az \u00e1llkapocs \u00e9s a nyelvcsont ker\u00fclt itt bemutat\u00e1sra, t\u00f6bbi arckoponyacsont eset\u00e9ben csak felsorol\u00e1s szintj\u00e9n mutatjuk be a csontokat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Arckoponya\" width=\"720\" height=\"540\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/bkzWLINTOvE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Rostacsont<\/strong> (<em>os ethmoidale<\/em>)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A rostacsont k\u00f6nny\u0171, szivacsos szerkezet\u0171, p\u00e1rosulatlan csont a koponya el\u00fcls\u0151 r\u00e9sz\u00e9n. Az orr\u00fcreg, a szem\u00fcreg \u00e9s a koponya\u00fcreg hat\u00e1r\u00e1n helyezkedik el, \u00e9s fontos szerepet j\u00e1tszik az orr\u00fcreg l\u00e9g\u00e1raml\u00e1s\u00e1nak szab\u00e1lyoz\u00e1s\u00e1ban.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">F\u0151 r\u00e9szei:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>lamina cribrosa<\/em> (rostalemez): az els\u0151 koponya\u00e1rok als\u00f3 lapj\u00e1nak a r\u00e9sze, tele apr\u00f3 lyukakkal, amelyeken a szagl\u00f3ideg (<em>n. olfactorius, I.<\/em>) sz\u00e1lai \u00e1thaladnak az orr\u00fcregb\u0151l a koponya\u00fcregbe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>crista galli<\/em> (gall taraj): a <em>lamina cribrosa<\/em> k\u00f6z\u00e9ps\u0151, f\u00fcgg\u0151leges ny\u00falv\u00e1nya.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; lamina perpendicularis: az orrs\u00f6v\u00e9ny fels\u0151, csontos r\u00e9sz\u00e9t alkotja. &#8211; <em>labyrinthus ethmoidalis<\/em> (rostacsonti labirintus): k\u00e9t oldals\u00f3 t\u00f6mb, amelyekben a <em>cellulae ethmoidales<\/em> (apr\u00f3 \u00fcregek) tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3k. Ezek a mell\u00e9korr\u00fcregek r\u00e9szei. A labirintus r\u00e9szei a <em>concha nasalis superior, concha nasalis media<\/em> (fels\u0151 \u00e9s k\u00f6z\u00e9ps\u0151 orrkagyl\u00f3k) &#8211; ezek az orrkagyl\u00f3k szab\u00e1lyozz\u00e1k a l\u00e9g\u00e1raml\u00e1st \u00e9s n\u00f6velik a ny\u00e1lkah\u00e1rtya felsz\u00edn\u00e9t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"296\" height=\"203\" src=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/ethmo.png\" alt=\"Rostacsont fel\u00fcln\u00e9zetben\" class=\"wp-image-4789\" style=\"width:296px;height:auto\"\/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Rostacsont fel\u00fcln\u00e9zetben<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Fels\u0151 \u00e1llcsontok<\/strong> (<em>maxilla<\/em>, 2)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A fels\u0151 \u00e1llcsont p\u00e1ros csont, amely az arckoponya k\u00f6z\u00e9ps\u0151 r\u00e9sz\u00e9t alkotja. Fontos szerepe van a fels\u0151 fogsor fogainak r\u00f6gz\u00edt\u00e9s\u00e9ben, a szem\u00fcreg, az orr\u00fcreg \u00e9s a sz\u00e1jpad kialak\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ban. A k\u00e9t <em>maxilla<\/em> a k\u00f6z\u00e9pvonalban a <em>sutura intermaxillaris<\/em> ment\u00e9n kapcsol\u00f3dik \u00f6ssze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">F\u0151 r\u00e9szei:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>corpus maxillae<\/em> (test): a csont k\u00f6zponti r\u00e9sze, amelyben a <em>sinus maxillaris<\/em> (arc\u00fcreg) tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3. Ez a legnagyobb orrmell\u00e9k\u00fcreg. A test k\u00fcls\u0151 felsz\u00edn\u00e9n tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 a <em>foramen infraorbitale<\/em>, amelyen a <em>n. infraorbitalis<\/em> (V\/2 \u00e1ga) l\u00e9p ki.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>processus frontalis<\/em> (homlokny\u00falv\u00e1ny) a homlokcsont fel\u00e9 ny\u00falik, \u00e9s az orrgy\u00f6k kialak\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ban vesz r\u00e9szt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>processus zygomaticus<\/em> (j\u00e1romny\u00falv\u00e1ny): a j\u00e1romcsonttal l\u00e9tes\u00edt kapcsolatot (egy\u00fctt alak\u00edtj\u00e1k ki a j\u00e1rom\u00edvet: <em>arcus zygomaticus<\/em>t), a szem\u00fcreg later\u00e1lis fal\u00e1nak r\u00e9sze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>processus alveolaris<\/em> (fogmedri ny\u00falv\u00e1ny): a fels\u0151 fogsort r\u00f6gz\u00edti, a fogak elveszt\u00e9se eset\u00e9n ez a r\u00e9sz sorvad. &#8211; processus palatinus (sz\u00e1jpadny\u00falv\u00e1ny): a kem\u00e9ny sz\u00e1jpad el\u00fcls\u0151 2\/3-\u00e1t alkotja, a k\u00e9t oldal k\u00f6z\u00e9pvonalban a <em>sutura palatina mediana<\/em> ment\u00e9n kapcsol\u00f3dik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-medium\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"172\" src=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/maxi-300x172.png\" alt=\"Fels\u0151\u00e1llcsontok szemb\u0151l n\u00e9zetben\" class=\"wp-image-4790\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/maxi-300x172.png 300w, https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/maxi.png 683w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fels\u0151\u00e1llcsontok szemb\u0151l n\u00e9zetben<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>\u00c1llkapocs<\/strong> (<em>mandibula<\/em>)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Az \u00e1llkapocs (<em>mandibula<\/em>) az arckoponya egyed\u00fcli mozgathat\u00f3 csontja, p\u00e1ros eredet\u0171, de feln\u0151ttkorra teljesen \u00f6sszecsontosodik. A <em>mandibula<\/em> a r\u00e1g\u00e1s, besz\u00e9d \u00e9s mimika szempontj\u00e1b\u00f3l kulcsfontoss\u00e1g\u00fa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">F\u0151 r\u00e9szei:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>corpus mandibulae<\/em> (test): v\u00edzszintesen fut\u00f3, \u00edvelt r\u00e9sz, amely alapi r\u00e9szre (<em>pars basilaris<\/em>) \u00e9s fogmedri r\u00e9szre (<em>pars alveolaris<\/em>) k\u00fcl\u00f6n\u00fcl el, az <em>alveolusok<\/em>ban helyezkednek el az als\u00f3 fogak, k\u00fcls\u0151 felsz\u00edn\u00e9n el\u0151l tal\u00e1lhat\u00f3 a <em>foramen mentale<\/em>, amelyen a <em>n. mentalis<\/em> (V\/3 \u00e1ga) l\u00e9p ki.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>ramus mandibulae<\/em> (sz\u00e1r): a testb\u0151l felfel\u00e9 indul\u00f3, f\u00fcgg\u0151leges r\u00e9sz, k\u00e9t ny\u00falv\u00e1nyban v\u00e9gz\u0151dik a <em>processus coronoideus<\/em>ban (el\u00f6l, izomkapcsol\u00f3d\u00e1si hely a <em>m. temporalis<\/em> sz\u00e1m\u00e1ra) \u00e9s a <em>processus condylaris<\/em>ban (h\u00e1tul, az \u00e1llkapocs\u00edz\u00fclet r\u00e9sze).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>angulus mandibulae<\/em> (\u00e1llkapocssz\u00f6glet): a test \u00e9s a sz\u00e1r tal\u00e1lkoz\u00e1si pontja, izomkapcsol\u00f3d\u00e1si felsz\u00edn\u00fcl szolg\u00e1l (<em>m. masseter, m. pterygoideus medialis<\/em>). Tov\u00e1bbi fontos k\u00e9pletei a canalis mandibulae (a csont belsej\u00e9ben fut\u00f3 csatorna, benne a <em>n. alveolaris inferior<\/em> \u00e9s az <em>a. alveolaris inferior<\/em> halad). A csatorna a <em>foramen mandibulae<\/em>n kereszt\u00fcl ny\u00edlik a <em>ramus<\/em> bels\u0151 felsz\u00edn\u00e9n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"422\" height=\"368\" src=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/mandi.png\" alt=\"\u00c1llkapocs szemb\u0151l, oldal- \u00e9s h\u00e1tuln\u00e9zetben\" class=\"wp-image-4791\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/mandi.png 422w, https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/mandi-300x262.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 422px) 100vw, 422px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u00c1llkapocs szemb\u0151l, oldal- \u00e9s h\u00e1tuln\u00e9zetben<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"\u00c1llkapocs\" width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/NOiXgLDObO8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Nyelvcsont<\/strong> (<em>os hyoideum<\/em>)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">A koponya t\u00f6bbi csontj\u00e1hoz m\u00e1r \u00edz\u00fclettel sem kapcsol\u00f3d\u00f3 p\u00e1ratlan csont a nyak izomzat\u00e1ban. Az \u00e1llkapocs alakj\u00e1hoz hasonl\u00f3 alak\u00fa, azonban att\u00f3l l\u00e9nyegesen kisebb csont. A nyak el\u00fcls\u0151 r\u00e9sz\u00e9n, a g\u00e9ge f\u00f6l\u00f6tt, a <em>mandibula<\/em> alatt, az \u00e1d\u00e1mcsutka f\u00f6l\u00f6tt helyezkedik el, ahol izmok \u00e9s szalagok f\u00fcggesztik fel. Ez teszi lehet\u0151v\u00e9 a nyelv, a g\u00e9ge \u00e9s a garat mozg\u00e1sait.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">F\u0151 r\u00e9szei:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>corpus ossis hyoidei<\/em> (test): a csont k\u00f6z\u00e9ps\u0151, vastagabb r\u00e9sze, el\u00f6lr\u0151l n\u00e9zve enyh\u00e9n dombor\u00fa, h\u00e1tulr\u00f3l homor\u00fa, izmok kapcsol\u00f3d\u00e1si helye.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">&#8211; <em>cornu majus<\/em> (nagy szarv): a testb\u0151l h\u00e1trafel\u00e9 \u00e9s kiss\u00e9 felfel\u00e9 ny\u00fal\u00f3 hosszabb ny\u00falv\u00e1ny, izmok kapcsol\u00f3d\u00e1si helye. &#8211; <em>cornu minus<\/em> (kis szarv): a test \u00e9s a nagy szarv tal\u00e1lkoz\u00e1s\u00e1n\u00e1l elhelyezked\u0151, apr\u00f3, k\u00fapszer\u0171 ny\u00falv\u00e1ny, a <em>ligamentum stylohyoideum<\/em> (a <em>processus styloideus<\/em>hoz fut\u00f3 szalag) innen indul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"382\" height=\"106\" src=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/hyoi.png\" alt=\"Nyelvcsont fel\u00fcln\u00e9zetben\" class=\"wp-image-4792\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/hyoi.png 382w, https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/hyoi-300x83.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 382px) 100vw, 382px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Nyelvcsont fel\u00fcln\u00e9zetben<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Arckoponya tov\u00e1bbi csontjai<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>K\u00f6nnycsont<\/strong> (<em>os lacrimale<\/em>, 2): a k\u00f6nnycsatorna alak\u00edt\u00e1s\u00e1ban vesz r\u00e9szt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Sz\u00e1jpadcsont<\/strong> (<em>os palatinum<\/em>, 2): a kem\u00e9ny sz\u00e1jpad h\u00e1ts\u00f3 r\u00e9sz\u00e9t alkotj\u00e1k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Als\u00f3 orrkagyl\u00f3<\/strong> (<em>concha nasalis inferior<\/em>, 2): az orr\u00fcreg l\u00e9g\u00e1raml\u00e1s\u00e1t szab\u00e1lyozza.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Ekecsont<\/strong> (<em>vomer<\/em>): az orrs\u00f6v\u00e9ny r\u00e9sze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>J\u00e1romcsont<\/strong> (<em>os zygomaticum<\/em>, 2): az orc\u00e1k kiemelked\u00e9s\u00e9t adja, hal\u00e1nt\u00e9kny\u00falv\u00e1nya (<em>processus temporalis<\/em>) a hal\u00e1nt\u00e9kcsont j\u00e1romny\u00falv\u00e1ny\u00e1val (<em>processus zygomaticus<\/em>) alkotja a j\u00e1rom\u00edvet (<em>arcus zygomaticus<\/em>).<strong>Orrcsont<\/strong> (<em>os nasale<\/em>, 2): az orrnyereg csontja.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>R\u00e9szletesen a rostacsont, a fels\u0151 \u00e1llcsont, az \u00e1llkapocs \u00e9s a nyelvcsont ker\u00fclt itt bemutat\u00e1sra, t\u00f6bbi arckoponyacsont eset\u00e9ben csak felsorol\u00e1s szintj\u00e9n mutatjuk be a csontokat&#8230;.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4788","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-anatomia"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4788","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4788"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4788\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4836,"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4788\/revisions\/4836"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4788"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4788"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ncis.elte.hu\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4788"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}